ɟ̤ vs c

Voiced Palato-Alveolar Stop vs Voiceless Palato-Alveolar Stop

How these sounds differ

ɟ̤

Voiced Palato-Alveolar Stop

Voicing: voiced
Place: palato-alveolar
Manner: stop
Class: consonant
In languages: 5 / 500

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Voiceless Palato-Alveolar Stop

Voicing: voiceless
Place: palato-alveolar
Manner: stop
Class: consonant
In languages: 62 / 500

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Cross-linguistic distribution

Languages with ɟ̤

Languages with both

Languages with c

4 languages in our database contrast both sounds as distinct phonemes. Languages that have one but not the other tend to merge them into a single phoneme — meaning speakers of those languages often struggle to hear the distinction when learning a language that contrasts them.

Has ɟ̤, not c (1)

Xhosa Atlantic-Congo

Has c, not ɟ̤ (20)

ALLADIAN Atlantic-Congo AIZI Atlantic-Congo Gilyak Nivkh North Azerbaijani Turkic Komi-Zyrian Uralic Zuberoan Basque Basque Icelandic Indo-European Kadugli (Miri) Kadugli-Krongo Margi Afro-Asiatic Aymara Aymaran Cayapa Barbacoan Haida Haida Hakka Chinese Sino-Tibetan Yao Hmong-Mien Karen Sino-Tibetan Yay Tai-Kadai Cham Austronesian Kunjen Pama-Nyungan Hupa Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit HAMER South Omotic