Turkmen — Pronunciation for English Speakers
This guide is based on a phoneme-by-phoneme comparison of Turkmen and English. Turkmen and English share 17 sounds — about 46% of Turkmen's inventory. The remaining sounds are where English speakers will need to focus their practice.
Sounds to learn from scratch (20)
These phonemes exist in Turkmen but not in English. English speakers will need to learn to produce and perceive them as new categories — not just a variation of an existing English sound.
Familiar sounds (17)
These phonemes exist in both Turkmen and English. You already produce and perceive them — though they may appear in different positions or syllable structures.
English sounds not used in Turkmen (28)
These English phonemes don't exist in Turkmen. Native Turkmen speakers learning English will face the reverse challenge with these sounds.