Bashkir — Pronunciation for English Speakers
This guide is based on a phoneme-by-phoneme comparison of Bashkir and English. Bashkir and English share 18 sounds — about 46% of Bashkir's inventory. The remaining sounds are where English speakers will need to focus their practice.
Sounds to learn from scratch (21)
These phonemes exist in Bashkir but not in English. English speakers will need to learn to produce and perceive them as new categories — not just a variation of an existing English sound.
Familiar sounds (18)
These phonemes exist in both Bashkir and English. You already produce and perceive them — though they may appear in different positions or syllable structures.
English sounds not used in Bashkir (27)
These English phonemes don't exist in Bashkir. Native Bashkir speakers learning English will face the reverse challenge with these sounds.