/ˈaɪ.pə/

Siraiki

Family: Indo-European · Eurasia · ISO skr · Glottolog · 26,000,000 speakers
48
Consonants
35
Vowels

The phoneme inventory below shows every sound that functions as a meaningful unit in Siraiki — a Indo-European language spoken in Eurasia . With 83 phonemes, it has a relatively large inventory compared to the world's languages. Sounds marked with a dashed border (*) are marginal: they appear only in loanwords or highly specialized contexts and are not part of the core phonological system.

Consonants

approximant

j ~

fricative

h ~ vʱ ~ f ~ v ~ x ~ ɣ ~

lateral fricative

lʱ ~ l ~

nasal

n ~ nʱ ~ m ~ mʱ ~ ɲ ~ ɳ ~ ɳʱ ~ ŋ ~

sibilant fricative

z ~ s ~ ʃ ~

stop

d̪ ~ ɗ ~ d̪ʱ ~ t̪ʰ ~ t̪ ~ pʰ ~ p ~ ɓ ~ bʱ ~ b ~ c ~ ʄ ~ cʰ ~ ɟ ~ ɟʱ ~ ɖʱ ~ ɖ ~ ʈ ~ ʈʰ ~ ɡ ~ k ~ kʰ ~ ɡʱ ~ ɠ ~

tap

ɾ̪ ~ ɾʱ ~ ɽ ~ ɽʱ ~

Vowels

u ~ o ~ ʊ ~ ɪ ~ i ~ ʌ ~ ʌi ~ æ ~ e ~ a ~ ai ~ ia ~ ui ~ ʊi ~ ua ~ oi ~ ae ~ iã ~ uẽ ~ æe ~ ɪa ~ ɪã ~ ɪʌ * ʊa ~ ʊe ~ ea ~ ʊ̃ ~ õ ~ ũ ~ ɪ̃ ~ ĩ ~ ʌ̃ ~ æ̃ ~ ã ~ ẽ ~

* Marginal phoneme — occurs only in loanwords or rare contexts.

How large is this inventory?

Smaller (11) Average (36) Larger (141)
83
phonemes

Siraiki has 83 phonemes, placing it in the 99th percentile of languages by inventory size — a notably large inventory.

Compared to English

For English speakers learning Siraiki, these are the sounds that will require the most focused practice.

In Siraiki, not in English (65)

These sounds don't exist in English — English speakers will need to learn them from scratch.

vʱ x ɣ lʱ nʱ mʱ ɲ ɳ ɳʱ d̪ ɗ d̪ʱ t̪ʰ t̪ p ɓ bʱ c ʄ cʰ ɟ ɟʱ ɖʱ ɖ ʈ ʈʰ k kʰ ɡʱ ɠ ɾ̪ ɾʱ ɽ ɽʱ u o ɪ ʌ ʌi æ a ai ia ui ʊi ua oi ae iã uẽ ɪa ɪã ɪʌ ʊa ʊe ea ʊ̃ õ ũ ɪ̃ ĩ ʌ̃ æ̃ ã ẽ

In English, not in Siraiki (27)

English speakers learning Siraiki won't use these sounds — they'll need to suppress them.

t̠ʃ w iː oː d ʒ ts d̠ʒ ɛ ɒ ɐ ð θ ɘ ɹ kx ɐː ʉː iə eə oe ɑe ɵː æo ɐʉ ɒɯ ʉə
Full phoneme comparison: English vs Siraiki →

Most phonologically similar languages

Ranked by Jaccard similarity — the proportion of phonemes shared relative to the combined inventory of both languages.

Sindhi 39%
Compare →
Kharia 37%
Compare →
Bhojpuri 35%
Compare →
Magahi 34%
Compare →
Maithili 31%
Compare →

Compare Siraiki with another language

See which sounds are shared and which are unique.

vs Hakka Chinese vs SEDANG vs Kharia vs Bhumij vs Kota vs Burushaski vs Kabardian vs Lak vs Ket vs Yao