/ˈaɪ.pə/

SEDANG vs Dafla

Sound inventory comparison

45
Only in SEDANG
10
Shared
17
Only in Dafla

Only in SEDANG 45

l̪̥|l̥ n̪̥|n̥ r̪̥|r̥ m̥ j̥ ɲ̥ ŋ̥ l̪|l l̪̰|l̰ n̪|n n̪̰|n̰ n̪d̪|nd d̪̰|d̰ r̪|r r̪̰|r̰ w o o̰ ṵ ɔ̰ w̰ m̰ mb b̰ ḭ j̰ n̠d̠ʒ ɲ ɲ̰ a e a̰ ḛ ɛ̰ ŋ̰ ŋɡ s̪|s t̪ʰ|tʰ t̪|t ʍ pʰ h t̠ʃ ʃ kʰ

Shared sounds 10

u ɔ m j i ɛ ŋ p ʔ k

Only in Dafla 17

u̥ i̥ ˥˦ ˩˨ l̪ n d r b ɦ ɑ ʌ ɯ ɡ s t x

What this means for learners

SEDANG and Dafla share 10 sounds — roughly 18% of Dafla's inventory overlaps with SEDANG. Shared sounds are ones a speaker already knows from their native language and will generally produce and perceive accurately without explicit training.

The 17 sounds found only in Dafla represent the greatest pronunciation challenge for SEDANG speakers. The adult brain tends to map unfamiliar sounds onto the closest native equivalent — a process that produces the characteristic "accent" of a second-language speaker. Learning to hear and produce these sounds as distinct requires focused ear training, not just repetition.

Conversely, SEDANG has 45 sounds not used in Dafla. Native Dafla speakers learning SEDANG will face the mirror-image challenge with these sounds.

Phoneme inventories from PHOIBLE. Data reflects one documented inventory per language; some variation exists across dialects and sources.

Compare with another language

SEDANG vs Garo SEDANG vs Lahu SEDANG vs Yao SEDANG vs Hakka Chinese SEDANG vs Kharia SEDANG vs Bhumij SEDANG vs Kota SEDANG vs Burushaski SEDANG vs Kabardian SEDANG vs Lak SEDANG vs Ket SEDANG vs Karen