What this means for learners
French and Kharia share 16 sounds — roughly 34% of Kharia's inventory overlaps with French. Shared sounds are ones a speaker already knows from their native language and will generally produce and perceive accurately without explicit training.
The 31 sounds found only in Kharia represent the greatest pronunciation challenge for French speakers. The adult brain tends to map unfamiliar sounds onto the closest native equivalent — a process that produces the characteristic "accent" of a second-language speaker. Learning to hear and produce these sounds as distinct requires focused ear training, not just repetition.
Conversely, French has 24 sounds not used in Kharia. Native Kharia speakers learning French will face the mirror-image challenge with these sounds.
Phoneme inventories from PHOIBLE. Data reflects one documented inventory per language; some variation exists across dialects and sources.